The authors of Birth by Cesarean Delivery and Failure on First Otoacoustic Emissions Hearing Test (Tatiana Smolkin et al) evaluated 1,653 babies born at 35 weeks' or more gestation, and found that those born via c-section (CD) "had significantly higher failure rates" when their hearing was first tested. They "speculate that CD is accompanied by retained fluid in middle ear which may impair neonatal hearing", and recommend that the timing of first otoacoustic emissions "should preferably be postponed beyond 48 hours of age to improve OAE passage and minimize maternal anxiety and costs."
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